Open access

Papers, explained

338 open-access papers, free to watch.

Innovation Is by Humans for Humans. Commentary on ‘Artificial Intelligence, Entrepreneurial Discovery, and Embodied Tacit Knowledge’ by Ismail Kurun

Innovation Is by Humans for Humans. Commentary on ‘Artificial Intelligence, Entrepreneurial Discovery, and Embodied Tacit Knowledge’ by Ismail Kurun

Emanuele Martinelli

AI can search through possibilities faster than any person. But this paper argues that the most important business opportunities are the ones nobody knew to search for, and that finding them depends on being a human being in the world.

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Valorization of mango by-products into prebiotic ingredients: a critical review on functional properties and gut microbiota modulation mechanisms

Valorization of mango by-products into prebiotic ingredients: a critical review on functional properties and gut microbiota modulation mechanisms

L. T. Mohamad Arif Rahmat Teo, R. Nordin, N. S. A. Abidin, N. Nahar, Nur Suaidah Mohd Isa, I. N. Madzuki

Mango peels, seeds, and pulp leftovers are usually treated as waste. This review suggests they may contain a complicated food source for gut microbes, but the health promise is not yet proven in people.

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First occurrence of a herrerasaurid dinosaur in a traversodontid cynodont-dominated Late Triassic fauna of southern Brazil

First occurrence of a herrerasaurid dinosaur in a traversodontid cynodont-dominated Late Triassic fauna of southern Brazil

Rodrigo Temp Müller

A single partial pelvic bone has revealed that one of the earliest large meat-eating dinosaurs survived a major change in its ancient community, and may be the youngest member of its group ever found.

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Isometry groups of simply connected unimodular 4-dimensional Lie groups

Isometry groups of simply connected unimodular 4-dimensional Lie groups

Youssef Ayad, Saïd Fahlaoui

A space can look completely different after you move through it, yet some transformations leave every distance unchanged. This paper maps all such hidden symmetries for a broad family of four-dimensional spaces.

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Corporate Accountability by Algorithm: AI and the Interpretation of Human Rights Due Diligence

Corporate Accountability by Algorithm: AI and the Interpretation of Human Rights Due Diligence

Galit A. Sarfaty

A company may use artificial intelligence to find hidden human-rights risks in its supply chain. But the same system can quietly decide what counts as a risk, and place that judgment in the hands of a private technology firm.

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Validation of 3D intraoral scanner use for detecting caries lesions around dental restorations: A diagnostic accuracy study

Validation of 3D intraoral scanner use for detecting caries lesions around dental restorations: A diagnostic accuracy study

Bruna Machado Fernandes, Anelise Fernandes Montagner, Sarah Arangurem Karam, Françoise Hélène van de Sande, Marcos Britto Corrêa

A filling can look perfectly ordinary while decay is forming at its edge. This study asks whether a three-dimensional dental scan can help find that hidden trouble, without replacing the dentist’s judgment.

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Crafting power in Kush: faience production and state control in the Napatan region

Crafting power in Kush: faience production and state control in the Napatan region

Rennan Lemos, Kathryn Howley, Siobhan Shinn, Shadia Abd Rabo

A pile of broken beads, shells, and burnt workshop waste can reveal something much bigger than how ancient craftspeople worked. At Sanam Temple, it points to how a kingdom organized power, and who was allowed to share in it.

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Self-limiting turbulent drag reduction via a viscoelastic lubricating layer

Self-limiting turbulent drag reduction via a viscoelastic lubricating layer

Emanuele Milocco, Alessio Roccon, Alfredo Soldati

A thin slippery layer can make turbulent flow move more easily, but making that layer more elastic eventually makes almost no further difference. The surprising reason is that the layer starts suppressing the motion it needs to work.

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Tech Mining with LLMs: Unveiling Trends from Corporate Websites

Tech Mining with LLMs: Unveiling Trends from Corporate Websites

Xavier Martínez-Barbero, Ana Pastor-Merino, Josep Domènech

A company's website may reveal where its technology is heading, but only if someone can separate real signals from polished marketing. This study turns those public pages into a moving map of industrial change.

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Molecular evidence of Bartonella spp. in wild felids from Brazil

Molecular evidence of Bartonella spp. in wild felids from Brazil

Clara Morato Dias, Daniel Antônio Braga Lee, João Vitor dos Santos Alves da Silva, Laura Berger Nunes, Joares Adenilson May Júnior, Vinícius Baggio-Souza, Felipe Bortolotto Peters, Marina Ochoa Favarini, Ana Paula Neuschrank Albano, Suelen Dias Segui, Sílvia Resende Terra, Flávia Pereira Tirelli, Jorge Cherém, Hugo Borghesan Morzele, Marcos Adriano Tortato, Adriano Rodrigues Lagos, Felipe Viana Manzano, Tiago Chagas de Oliveira Tourinho, Rosângela Zacarias Machado, João Fábio Soares, Marcos Rogério André

Wild cats may be carrying bacteria linked not only to domestic cats, but also to the rodents and fleas they hunt. That changes how scientists think about disease moving through Brazil’s wildlife.

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Streptomyces chodovensis sp. nov.: a novel candidate for plant growth-promoting actinomycete from bare soil developing on Miocene lacustrine sediment of the Sokolov Coal Basin, Czech Republic

Streptomyces chodovensis sp. nov.: a novel candidate for plant growth-promoting actinomycete from bare soil developing on Miocene lacustrine sediment of the Sokolov Coal Basin, Czech Republic

Alper Dede, Václav Krištůfek, Lucie Kotrbová, Kateřina Petřı́čková, Terézia Horváthová, Christopher M. Field, Sarah Kirstein, Meina Neumann‐Schaal, Imen Nouioui, A. Chroňáková

A place stripped bare by coal mining has yielded a bacterium that may help plants grow. It is not just another soil microbe: its traits suggest a possible ally for rebuilding damaged land.

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Glutamate tone in preBötzinger complex rhythmogenesis: ambient extracellular glutamate as a candidate excitability bias

Glutamate tone in preBötzinger complex rhythmogenesis: ambient extracellular glutamate as a candidate excitability bias

Enrique Vázquez-Mendoza, Carol Alejandra Olmos-Pastoresa, Donají Chi-Castañeda, María Leonor López‐Meraz, Luis Beltrán‐Parrazal, Consuelo Morgado‐Valle

Breathing depends on a tiny brain network that repeatedly gathers enough strength to trigger each inhale. This paper asks whether the chemical background around those cells helps decide when that gathering can begin.

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